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was found with the German high school teacher Alexander Kapp in 1833.

‘is built upon two central, defining attributes: First, a conception of learners as self-directed and autonomous; and second, a conception of the role of the teacher as facilitator of learning rather than presenter of content’

Knowles’ basic assumptions is that becoming adult means becoming self-directed.

The purpose of this study was to analyze a five-week graduate-level education course taught entirely at a distance via the Internet using the Blackboard.comSM e-learning system, with emphasis on exploring the dynamics of sense of classroom community. Subjects were 20 adult learners, evenly divided between males and females, who were administered the sense of classroom community index at the beginning and end of the course in order to measure classroom community. Findings indicated that on-line learners took advantage of the “learn anytime” characteristics of the Internet by accessing the course seven days per week, 24 hours per day. Sense of classroom community grew significantly during the course. Females manifested a stronger sense of community than their male counterparts both at the start and end of the course. Additionally, female students exhibited a mostly connected communication pattern while the communication pattern of males was mostly independent.

A University of California Los Angeles team found searching the web stimulated centres in the brain that controlled decision-making and complex reasoning

"Internet searching engages complicated brain activity, which may help exercise and improve brain function."

The researchers said that, compared to simple reading, the internet's wealth of choices required people to make decisions about what to click on in order to get the relevant informat

"the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable peers"

registered 680,000 students in 43 courses

massive open online courses, or MOOCs, that are expected to draw millions of students and adult learners globally.

free online artificial intelligence course attracted 160,000 students from 190 countries.